Mining has affected the locals, especially the tribals whose lives are intrinsically linked to the ecosystem of the areas. A holistic approach is imperative to bring justice and inclusive egalitarian distribution of resources amongst all. Locals, concerned parties and the government have to work together to ensure and balance development with environment.

India is one of the 25 fluorosis endemic countries worldwide. Consumption of water rich in fluoride, especially groundwater, and food with high fluoride content needs to be checked to curb fluorosis.

The following section sheds light on a plethora of concerns and presents factual data and statistics on India, which provide a real time understanding of the prevalent concerns. Topics that are covered encompass forests, e-waste,endangered species, monsoon and non-conventional energy sources.

Various health care schemes of the Indian government are aimed at reducing the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR) in the country. Special focus is being given to states with poor public health indicators and high numbers of people living below the poverty line.

The central and state governments have been running several programmes to help cancer patients. Subsidised treatment and palliative care for cancer are already in place.The AMRIT venture is a step in the right direction to make expensive medicines affordable for patients nationwide.

Despite advances in prevention, diagnosis and treatment tuberculosis remains one of the world’s biggest threats with 1.5 million tuberculosis deaths in 2014. In India it has declined from 216 per lakh population per year in 1990 to 167 in 2014.

Most cardiovascular diseases and lung disorders are caused by smoking of tobacco. Awareness, coupled with reduced production and supply are crucial measures to curb smoking.

Latest National Sample Survey Organisation survey records least number of ailments in the north-east India. Manipur is the most disease free state of India. The north-east states also opt for higher public health care services as compared to the other states of India.