India adopted the Montreal Protocol in 1987 and became party to the Vienna Convention for protection of ozone layer in 1991. satellite instruments monitor the ozone layer and the data is used to create images that depict the amount of ozone.
Abstract: The global community adopted the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol to protect the ozone layer and to phase out ozone depleting substances. India became party to both and complied with all control measures as per the 1993 Country Programme. India, as a follow up to the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, launched the India Cooling Plan to enhance energy efficiency while addressing cooling demand.
The author is Former Director, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India. drssatapathy@gmail.com. The article should be cited as Satapathy S., 2019. India’s Action to Project the Ozone Layer, Geography and You, 19(23): 10-18
This blog emerges from a two-part conversation investigating the evolving understanding of sustainability by tracing its roots through geological epochs, civilizational collapses, demographic surges,...
Submarines are among the most secretive and sophisticated military assets in the modern world. Designed for stealth and endurance, they offer nations unmatched control in underwater operations and det...
Heat stress in the workplace is becoming an increasingly urgent concern as climate change intensifies across South Asia. Beyond the visible impacts of extreme heatwaves, it is the silent, daily exposu...
The convergence of scientific knowledge and diplomatic strategy is increasingly defining the contours of international engagement in a world marked by deep geopolitical divisions and rapid technologic...